Gaza: Misi Muslim Care berjaya sampaikan bantuan

Harakahdaily

KUALA LUMPUR, 6 Ogos: Walaupun pelbagai rintangan dihadapai untuk sampai ke sempadan Rafah, pasukan Misi ke Gaza anjuran Muslim Care Malaysia berjaya memasuki Gaza bagi menghantar bantuan sempena Ramadhan pada 28 Ogos 2011.

Zulkefli Mohd Nani, Ketua Misi ke Gaza merangkap Timbalan Presiden Muslim Care Malaysia memaklumkan bahawa Muslim Care juga menyediakan prasarana dan peralatan bagi menubuhkan sebuah kilang roti bagi membangunkan ekonomi muslimah di Gaza sewaktu misi tersebut.

Misi itu turut disertal Ahli Parlimen Shah Alam Khalid Samad, Presiden Muslim Care Mat Arifin Ismail, anggotanya Zakaria Abdul Latif, Hj Zulkifli Wahijan, Ust Reduan Md Nor, Halim Redzuan, Ahmad Safuan Ujar, kesemuanya dari Muslim Care, wakil PAS Selangor Izham Hashim, Zahari dari Cakna Palestin.

Mereka bertolak ke gaza bermula 27 Julai lalu dan selamat pulang ke tanah air 2 Ogos lalu.

Sewaktu di Gaza, misi turut berpeluang mengadakan kunjungan hormat kepada Perdana Menteri Ismail Haniyeh dan bertemu dengan 11 ahli parlimen Gaza.

Di samping itu, misi ini turut menyediakan sebuah makmal komputer untuk sebuah sekolah menengah di Khan Younis yg tidak pernah mempunyai makmal komputer di sekolah tersebut sebelum ini.

Disamping itu anggota misi juga telah berjumpa sendiri anggota keluarga yang ada dikalangan ahli keluarga mereka sedang dipenjarakan di penjara Israel.

(Gambar: Anggota misi bergambar selepas menyediakan makmal komputer di sebuah sekolah menengah di Khan Younis)

Menurut Zulkefli Nani, mereka dimaklumkan bahawa ada diantara tahanan tersebut yang telah 34 tahun dipenjarakan di Israel, lebih lama dari Neson Mandela yang dipenjarakan selama 29 tahun.

Selain itu pasukan misi ini juga turut memberikan bantuan kewangan dan makanan kepada anak-anak yatim, ibu-ibu tinggal serta warga miskin di Gaza di mana misi ini telah pergi terus ke rumah-rumah warga miskin bagi menyampaikan bantuan tersebut.

Dengan sumbangan yang telah diberikan oleh penderma melalui Muslim Care, mereka juga mengadakan majlis berbuka puasa selama 7 hari dianjurkan di masjid-masjid di sekitar Gaza dengan sumbangan tersebut.

Selain itu juga masyarakat dan kanak-kanak yg kurang berkemampuan juga akan diberikan pakain baru sebelum Aidil Fitri nanti melalui sumbangan yang dihulurkan Muslim care.

Menurut Zulkefli lagi, walaupun sempadan Rafah dikatakan telah dibuka oleh Kerajaan Mesir, hakikatnya sekatan ke atas Gaza masih berterusan dan umat Islam masih terus dihimpit kemiskinan di Gaza.

Beliau menegaskan bahawa bantuan kepada umat Islam di Gaza mesti diteruskan kerana "humanitarian aide" dari NGO luar ini adalah penghubung nyawa bagi ramai warga miskin.

Di Gaza, Muslim Care telah menandatangani perjanjian dengan Emaar Association sebuah NGO kebajikan yg akan melaksanakan beberapa program bagi pihak Muslim Care di Gaza kelak.

Untuk perancangan seterusnya, Muslim Care berhasrat membina sebuah Masjid di sebuah kawasan penduduk miskin berdasarkan permintaan umat Islam di sana dan juga mencari dana bagi membaiki rumah keluarga-keluarga dhoif di Gaza, Palestin.

Sebanyak USD180,000 diperlukan bagi menjayakan bantuan seterusnya.

Kepada mereka yang mahu memberi sumbangan kepada rakyat palestin, bolehlah berbuat demikian melalui Tabung Muslim Care melalui Akaun Maybank Muslim Care (Viva Palestina) 5644-902-111-59.

http://bm.harakahdaily.net/index.php/berita-utama/4751-gaza-misi-muslim-care-berjaya-sampaikan-bantuan

PACE kesal pertemuan Zahid-Ehud Barak

SELASA, 28 JULAI 2009 03:54 PROF MADYA DR HAFIDZI MOHD NOOR

Pertemuan antara Menteri Pertahanan Malaysia, Dato’ Seri Dr Ahmad Zahid Hamidi dengan Menteri Pertahanan Israel, Ehud Barak merupakan satu lagi gurisan hati terhadap para pejuang keamanan dan pembebasan Palestin khususnya dan para pencinta keamanan seluruh dunia umumnya. Israel yang terkenal dengan sifat kejam dan tidak berperikemanusiaan adalah satu entiti haram yang diwujudkan di atas tanah Palestin yang dirampas.

Sudah tentu pertemuan Menteri Pertahanan Malaysia yang beragama Islam dan dengan agama rasmi negara juga adalah agama Islam itu menggambarkan betapa tidak sensitifnya menteri tersebut terhadap penderitaan rakyat Palestin yang berjuang selama lebih 60 tahun untuk membebaskan tanah air mereka daripada penjajah kejam zaman moden iaitu rejim haram Israel.

Selama 60 tahun Israel telah menunjukkan sikapnya yang sombong dan mengetepikan kesemua resolusi antarabangsa yang mahukan rejim ganas itu berundur dari wilayah Palestin yang diduduki. Malangnya mereka bukansetakat tidak mengendahkan saranan antarabangsa malah terus-menerus membunuh rakyat Palestin yang bangun menentang pendudukan haram Israel. Langkah Menteri Pertahanan Malaysia bertemu dengan Ehud Barak tidak akan mendatangkan sebarang manfaat kepada perjuangan umat Islam Palestin sebaliknya akan mengundang mudarat yang lebih besar kepada umat Islam di Palestin. Ini disebabkan pertemuan ringkas ini akan dieskploitasi habis-habisan oleh media barat yang pro-Israel dengan menggambarkan kesediaan sebuah negara umat Islam seperti Malaysia melakukan hubungan dua hala. Ini akan dijadikan ‘lesen’ untuk bertindak lebih kejam ke atas umat Islam di Palestin.

Perjuangan membebaskan bumi Palestin menuntut solidariti umat Islam seluruh dunia. Bagaimanapun, pertemuan Menteri Pertahanan Malaysia ini seperti bergerak ke belakang dan memecahkan kesatuan umat yang cuba dibina bukan sahaja oleh masyarakt Islam tetapi juga seluruh masyarakat dunia. Seluruh dunia mengutuk kekejaman Israel ke atas rakyat Palestin sejak 60 tahun lalu tetapi apa yang dilakukan oleh menteri Malaysia ini seperti menggadai prinsip keadilan sejagat, apatah lagi dirinya sebagai seorang Islam yang menuntut lebih daripada itu iaitu persaudaraan Islam.

PACE mengutuk sekeras-kerasnya tindakan Dato Seri Ahmad Zahid Hamidi bertemu dengan Menteri Pertahanan Rejim Haram Israel atas alasan apa sekalipun. Perkara seperti ini tidak sepatunnya berlaku dan beliau wajib meminta maaf kepada para pejuang keamanan diseluruh dunia dan secara khusus kepada rakyat Palestin yang ditindas.

PACE (Pusat Kecemerlangan Palestin)
24 Julai 2009
Kuala Lumpur

http://www.malaysiaharmoni.com/v2/index.php/kolumnis/prof-madya-dr-hafidzi-mohd-noor/59-pace-kesal-pertemuan-zahid-ehud-barak

Nasib Flotilla II sama dengan Bersih 2.0

Subky Latif

SAYA terharu membaca laporan rombongan misi kemanusiaan ke Gaza dan rintihan Ketua Pemuda UMNO Khairy Jamaluddin yang terkandas di perairan Greece.

Bukan saja rombongan pelayaran Freedom Flottila 11 dihalang untuk datang ke Gaza, maka kapal-kapal konvoi yang berlabuh di perairan Greece tidak benarkan oleh kerajaannya meninggalkan pelabuhan mereka.

Ada kapal yang cuba meninggalkan perairan itu tanpa izin kerajan Athen tetapi ia telah dipaksa pulang ke pelabuhan transitnya.

Rombongan itu mendesak sokongan antarabangsa supaya menekan Greece membenarkan mereka meninggalkan perairannya bagi menuju Gaza, tetapi Greece bertindak tegas tidak membenarkannya.

Reaksi Greece itu adalah atas larangan regim Israil dan apa lagi Amerika adalah menyebalahi Israil. Walau pun Setiausaha Agung Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu menyokong rombongan kemanusiaan itu, tetapi apabila Amerika mmihak kepada Israil adalah sukar bagi Greece yang berdepan dengan krisis hutang sekarang menimbangkan pemergian rombongan Freedom Flottila itu.

Apa yang dihadapi oleh Ketua Pemuda UMNO dan rombongan Flottila di Greece itu sama dengan apa yang dihadapi oleh Bersih 2.0 untuk menyampaikan memorendum kepada Yang di-Pertuan Agong.

Khiry Jamaluddin dihalang untuk mencabar Bersih 2.0 dan Bersih pula dihalang untuk memasuki Kuala Lumpur, maka samalah masalah yang dihadapi Bersih di Kuala Lumpur dengan apa yang dihadapi oleh rombongan Flottila di Greece.

Kerajaan Malaysia, UMNO dan sekalian yang bersimpati dengan nasib rakyat Palestin di Gaza tidak senang dengan sekatan kerajaan Greece. Tun Dr. Mahathir adalah seorang yang penting menggalakkan rombongan kemansuiaan itu sudah tentu amat keciwa dengan sekatan ke atas kapal yang tidak bergerak ke Gaza itu.

Semua orang menyokong tunjuk perasaan di kedutaan Greece di Kuala Lumpur membantah tindakan kerajaan Greece. Dr. Mahathir dan Perdana Menteri Najib dipercayai bersama semagat tujuk perasaan itu.

Tetapi Dr. Maahathir dan kerajaan Malaysia mengira haram rancangan Bersih untuk mengadakan perarakan menuntut pilihan raya bersih dan adil. Mereka disekat untuk masuk ke Kuala Lumpur.

Kedua-dua Bersih dan rombongan ke Gaza itu adalah sama-sama menuntut keadilan. Rombongan ke Gaza pergi untuk membawa barang keperluan rakyat Gaza seperti makanan, perubatan dan keperluan binaan. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengurangkan beban dan penderitaan rakyat Gaza.

Perarakan Bersih ialah bagi mendapatkan pililhan raya yang bersih dan adil bagi memastikan demokrasi diamalkan sebaik-baiknya dan kezaliman tidak bermaharajalela.

Sikap Israel dan Greece menghalang rombongan kemanusiaan itu dikecam oleh masyarakat antarabangsa kecuali Amerika. Kerajaan Malaysia menghalang kemasukan penyokong Bersih ke Kuala Lumpur yang dunia mengira unjuk rasa itu satu tindakan biasa dan sah.

Dalam hal ini sama saja kerajaan Malaysia dengan Israel dan Greece.

Rombongan kemanuiaan itu dicemburui oleh Israel kerana ia dikatakan mungkin menyeludupkan senjata dan bahan bahaya yang boleh mengancam keselamatan Israel. Pada hal rombongan tidak bercadang untuk berperang dengan Israel. Apa yang mereka mahu ialah memberi bantuan kemanusiaan kepada mangsa kezaliman Israel.

Bersih disyaki untuk menumbangkan kerajaan Malaysia walau pun sasaran Bersih hanya mahukan SPR yang adil dan telus. Tidak terlintas niat Bersih untuk menggulingkan kerajaan melaluigerakan jalanan.

Malaysia tidak setuju dengan prasangka Israel konon rombongan itu mengancam keselamatan Israil, tetapi kerajaan Malaysia pula bersikap seperti Israel bila ia mengira Bersih bertujuan untuk menumbangkan kerajaan di luar pilihan raya.

Malaysia pula menggunakan taktik Israel kononnya menjumpai barang-barang dari kalangan Bersih yang selalu digunakan dalam perkelahian dan rusuhan. Dari mana polis Malaysia dapat barang-barang itu? Yang nyata ia adalah taktik biasa Israil.

Sampai akhir rombongan kemanusiaan itu tidak dapat membawa muatannya ke Gaza. Mereka yang dari Malaysia sudah pun balik termasuk Khairy.

Sampai akhir polis tidak membenarkan Bersih mengadakan perarakan dan orang-orang dari luar Kuala Lumpur dihalang masuk Kuala Lumpur.

Kedegilan penyokong Bersih sama saja dengan kedegilan rombongan kemanusiaan ke Gaza. Semua sekatan itu cuba ditembusi. Semangat kedua-duanya adalah sama dan sikap Malaysia pula sama dengan Israel dan Greece.

http://bm.harakahdaily.net/index.php/columnist/subky-latif/4313-nasib-flotilla-ii-sama-dengan-bersih-20

Israeli PM: Arab world undergoing 'earthquake'

AP – Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu convenes the weekly cabinet meeting in Jerusalem, Sunday, Feb. …

– 38 mins ago

JERUSALEM – Israel's prime minister says an "earthquake" is under way in the Arab world but that he "hopes for the best."

In a reference to unrest throughout the region, including the toppling of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak by popular protests, Benjamin Netanyahu said Monday that Israel hopes to strengthen its existing peace agreements and sign new ones, but remains "prepared for any possibility."

Israel and Egypt signed a peace agreement in 1979. The accord has been a lynchpin of regional stability for three decades. After forcing Mubarak to step down, Egypt's ruling military council said over the weekend that it would honor the accord — easing jitters in Israel.

http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20110214/ap_on_re_mi_ea/ml_israel_egypt

Palestinian cabinet resigns: officials

Reuters – Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas (C) attends a Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) executive …

• Play Video Mideast Video:Palestinians consider election call Reuters

By Mohammed Assadi Mohammed Assadi – 1 hr 18 mins ago

RAMALLAH, West Bank (Reuters) – The Palestinian cabinet resigned on Monday and Prime Minister Salam Fayyad will select new ministers at the request of President Mahmoud Abbas, officials said.

The shakeup was long demanded by Fayyad and some in Abbas's Fatah faction. It followed the fall of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak to a popular revolt that has set off reform calls throughout the Arab world.

"The cabinet resigned today and the formation of a new cabinet will take place as soon as possible," Ali Jarbawi, minister of planning, told Reuters.

A senior Palestinian official said Abbas plans to ask Fayyad, who has spearheaded efforts to build up Palestinian government institutions ahead of statehood, to form a new cabinet.

Bankrolled by international donors and engaged in security coordination with Israel, the Palestinian Authority has a limited mandate in the occupied West Bank. It lost control of the Gaza Strip to Hamas Islamists in a 2007 civil war.

Abbas's credibility has been further sapped by long-stalled negotiations with Israel on an accord founding a Palestinian state. Hamas spurns permanent co-existence with the Jewish state.

Of the 24 posts in Fayyad's outgoing cabinet, only 16 were staffed. Two ministers resigned and six are marooned in Gaza. Of those present in the cabinet, some face allegations of incompetence.

The Palestinian Authority announced on Saturday it would seek new legislative and presidential elections by September but Hamas rejected that call and said it would not take part in the poll, nor recognize the results.

(Editing by Jeffrey Heller in Jerusalem)

http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20110214/wl_nm/us_palestinians_reshuffle;_ylt=AphCcKmKz5EKgxWB6r3iaBpvaA8F;_ylu=X3oDMTJxMzc0N2NrBGFzc2V0A25tLzIwMTEwMjE0L3VzX3BhbGVzdGluaWFuc19yZXNodWZmbGUEY3BvcwMyBHBvcwM2BHNlYwN5bl90b3Bfc3RvcnkEc2xrA3BhbGVzdGluaWFuYw--

Palestinian Authority Cabinet resigns

Reuters – Palestinian Prime Minister Salam Fayyad (C) heads a cabinet meeting in the West Bank city of Ramallah …

• Slideshow:Mideast Conflict

By MOHAMMED DARAGHMEH, Associated Press Mohammed Daraghmeh, Associated Press – 8 mins ago

RAMALLAH, West Bank – The Palestinian prime minister has dissolved his Cabinet — in a new gesture that appears to be inspired by unrest rocking the Arab world.

President Mahmoud Abbas announced Monday he had accepted the decision by his prime minister, Salam Fayyad.

An aide to Fayyad says his boss hopes to form a new Cabinet dominated by technocrats who can build up Palestinian institutions. He has up to six weeks to name the Cabinet.

The decision is the latest in a series of dramatic moves by the Western-backed Palestinian Authority following the unrest in Egypt and Tunisia. Mass protests have spurred calls for democracy throughout the Middle East.

The Palestinian government said over the weekend it would hold long-overdue general elections later this year.

http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20110214/ap_on_re_mi_ea/ml_israel_palestinians

As Egypt tumult spreads, top Palestinian negotiator, Saeb Erekat, resigns

Play Video Mideast Video:Palestinians consider election call Reuters

By Ben Lynfield Ben Lynfield – Sun Feb 13, 2:21 pm ET

Ramallah, West Bank – Top Palestinian peace negotiator, Saeb Erekat, has resigned after embarrassing depictions in media leaks of his posture towards Israel, saying he hopes his stepping down will set a model of transparency for the young Palestinian state-in-the-making.

Mr. Erekat has been a key player in negotiations with Israel since the 1991 Madrid Peace Conference. But he said he bore personal responsibility for classified documents being ''stolen from my office'' so that they could be ''tampered with'' and used in broadcasts of the Al Jazeera satellite channel to show the Palestinian Authority (PA) making unprecedented concessions towards Israel.

''I can't advocate accountability and transparency all my life and then comes the biggest breach in Palestinian national security – the stealing of the documents from my office – and let it be business as usual,'' Erekat tells the Monitor. ''What I want to do is plant the seeds for the future of Palestinian officials. When officials make mistakes, they are out.''

The resignation comes at a time when the Egyptian revolution that overthrew former President Hosni Mubarak is sending tremors through the Middle East. Palestinian officials say the Egyptian revolution will add fuel to non-military Palestinian protests against Israel such as already take place against the separation barrier in the West Bank. And the Palestinian Authority announced Saturday it would hold new legislative and presidential elections by September, a step that had been expected but whose timing appeared to be triggered by the ouster of Mr. Mubarak.

Damaging leaked documentsLast month, Erekat accused Al Jazeera of taking part in a campaign to overthrow the Palestinian Authority after the Qatar-based station began to release 1,600 confidential documents known as the Palestine papers.

The leaked files angered many Palestinians, because they alleged that Erekat and other negotiators offered concessions that departed from the Palestinian consensus on a range of subjects, including ultra-sensitive ones such as Jerusalem and refugees. One document had Palestinian negotiators offering Israel to keep all of its East Jerusalem settlements with one exception, while another had the Palestinians proposing a return of 10,000 refugees annually over a 10-year period, far short of the full ''right of return'' for all refugees that Palestinian leaders have long officially advocated.

Erekat's resignation, which still must be accepted by Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas, will not have any immediate practical impact, because negotiations with Israel are not on the horizon. They broke down in September over Israel's refusal to renew a freeze on construction at West Bank settlements. There are now no known direct peace contacts.

Moreover, Erekat will remain an influential figure in Palestinian politics because he is retaining his seat on the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) executive committee and the ruling Fatah movement's central committee. Still, the resignation is seen as a nod to public anger at the PA over the depicted concessions.

''He can't stay in this position, because the Palestinian public is aware of all the facts in these documents,'' says Atieyeh Jawabra, a political scientist at the West Bank's al-Quds University. ''The Palestinain public opinion sees in these documents the concessions made on Jerusalem, borders, and settlements. In the Palestinian mind, these are things that must be stood up for.''

Fadil Hamdan, an Islamist member of the Palestinian Legislative Council, says: ''His resignation proves that these documents are genuine and this is a big moral problem for Erekat and the negotiating team.''

But Hani Masri, head of the Badael think-tank in Ramallah, stresses that the episode should not be viewed as an exercise in accountability. Erekat resigned because the documents were stolen from his office and not because of the concessions they entailed, he noted.

Election announcement triggered by events in Egypt?The resignation of Egypt's Mubarak was greeted with joy among Palestinians, who viewed him as siding with Israel against them.

''I'm very, very happy and I congratulate the Egyptian people,'' says hardware store owner Ibrahim Khalifa. ''Mubarak behaved like the son of Israel. This should be the result for any dark leader.'' Much of the anger at Mubarak stemmed from his regime joining Israel in blockading the Gaza Strip in a bid to undermine its Hamas leaders. Egypt is also seen as having acquiesced in Israel's devastating military campaign in Gaza two years ago.

Mr. Hamdan, the legislator, says: ''If there is genuine democratic government in Egypt than Egypt will be a very strong supporter of Palestinian claims and will exercise strong pressure on Israel to end its hegemony over the Palestinians and its continued threats to Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. If Egypt shifts to democracy and allies with Turkey and Iran, this may form a strong pressure on Israel to give up for peace and at least withdraw to the 1967 borders.''

Mr. Abbas's Fatah movement denies there is any connection between the announcement on holding of elections and the revolution in Egypt.

September had already been earmarked as the month when Prime Minister Salam Fayyad's plan to reach independence for Palestinians reaches its end. ''This is about the president in September going to his people and saying I have tried every measure but the occupation and the Israelis are not interested. What do you want to do next? Where should we go?'' said Husam Zomlot, executive deputy commissioner of Fatah's commission for international relations.

Although Mubarak was a close ally of Abbas and a de facto enemy of its rival Hamas, Mr. Zomlot says he is not concerned the dictator's removal will impact on the PA. ''A better Egypt; a powerful, stable democratic, fairer Egypt is definitely a better ally to the Palestinians.'' he said.

IN PICTURES: Exclusive Monitor photos of Egypt's turmoil

http://news.yahoo.com/s/csm/20110213/wl_csm/363103

Omar Suleiman: US-Israel's most trusted man to replace Mubarak

Leela Jacinto / France24

On January 29, when embattled Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak named him vice president, Omar Suleiman emerged from the shadows of Egypt’s extensive security-intelligence apparatus to become a pivotal international figure. But for many analysts and followers of US-Mideast policy, Suleiman was already a familiar figure. And not all of them felt reassured by the new appointment.

TRUSTED GUY ... From helping Israel to block Palestinians to supporting attack on Iran, Omar (right) is the US's preferred choice for 'reforms' in Egypt

Suave, sophisticated, and fluent in English, Suleiman had been the country’s spy chief since 1993, when he took over as head of Egypt’s powerful General Intelligence Service (GIS) – or “Mukhabarat” as it is commonly known in Egypt.

A Soviet-trained, former army man, Suleiman looked set to fill the “shadowy intelligence chief” mould when he took over the GIS.

But all that changed with the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks in the US.

In 2009, US magazine Foreign Policy ranked Suleiman the Middle East's most powerful intelligence chief, ahead of Meir Dagan, the head of Israel’s Mossad.

When the whistleblower website WikiLeaks published US diplomatic cables last year, analysts learned that Suleiman had already been singled out by Egyptians as a likely Mubarak successor.

A May 14, 2007, leaked US cable reads more like prophesy than a diplomatic memo. “…in past years Soliman (sic) was often cited as likely to be named to the long-vacant vice-presidential post,” read the cable.

Suleiman in fact filled a post Mubarak vacated 30 years ago when he took over the presidency following the 1981 assassination of President Anwar Sadat.

Just pick up the phone and talk

The Jan. 29 appointment of a new vice president was greeted with relief in some quarters, notably because it signalled that Mubarak had acknowledged the unpopularity of his son and widely rumoured successor, Gamal Mubarak.

Privately, many US officials were relieved to have a man in Cairo they could phone and “level with”.

Indeed as the situation in Egypt subsequently deteriorated, Suleiman rapidly turned into Washington’s point-man in the Egyptian administration.

On Feb. 2, as pro-Mubarak demonstrators in Cairo’s Tahrir Square waged pitched battles against anti-government protesters, US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton phoned Suleiman to urge him to investigate who was behind the day’s violence and hold them accountable.

Former US Ambassador to Egypt Frank Wisner, who was dispatched to Cairo by Obama to try to diffuse the crisis, also met with Suleiman during his visit.

‘Not squeamish’ about ‘torture and so on’

Negotiations between Suleiman and US ambassadors go a long way back and have historically proved fruitful.

In her book “The Dark Side,” New Yorker correspondent Jane Mayer quotes then US Ambassador to Egypt Edward Walker describing Suleiman, as “very bright, very realistic”. Walker acknowledged that the GIS head was involved in “some of the negative things that the Egyptians engaged in, of torture and so on. But he was not squeamish, by the way”.

“The Dark Side” examines the murky chapter of US renditions under the Bush administration’s “war on terror”, when the CIA snatched suspected terrorists from across the world and turned them over to authorities criticised for using extensive torture.

Egypt, a country ruled by the same man under emergency laws for decades, was an enthusiastic partner in renditions, wrote Mayer as she followed the cases of terror suspects who claimed to have been captured by the US and sent to Egypt, where they were tortured.

Torture in Egypt has been a longstanding issue that has dominated human rights reports on the world’s largest Arab nation for decades.

As the Mukhabarat chief, Suleiman was considered the “hit man” for Mubarak’s regime, wrote Ron Suskind, author of the book, “The One Percent Doctrine”.

In an interview with the United States ABC News network, Suskind sarcastically described Suleiman as “a charitable man, friendly," before going on to add: "He tortures only people that he doesn't know."

‘Liars who only understand force’

Suleiman also played a key role in the Egyptian-negotiated indirect talks between Israel and Hamas over the past two years, paying official visits to Tel Aviv and Jerusalem, where he met with Israeli leaders including Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and President Shimon Peres.

He has extensive experience on the Palestinian dossier, which included a failed attempt by Egypt to negotiate a Palestinian unity government between rivals Hamas and the Palestinian Authority (PA) in 2008.

Familiar with Hamas and PA leaders, Suleiman also played a critical role in demolishing underground smuggling tunnels from Gaza into Egypt.

As the spy chief of the Arab world’s largest Sunni Muslim nation, Suleiman concurred with Israeli and US policies on tightening the reins on Shiite Iran.

But most appealing for the US has been Suleiman’s reputation as an ardent anti-Islamist with a visceral dislike of the Muslim Brotherhood, Egypt’s officially banned but tolerated Islamist group.

According to British daily The Guardian, Suleiman has in the past described the Brotherhood as "liars who only understand force".

In his new role of vice president, Egypt’s former spy chief will now have to negotiate with a group he has traditionally considered the country’s most serious security threat. It will not be easy for the vice president, nor for his Islamist negotiating partner.

http://en.harakahdaily.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2223:omar-suleiman-us-israels-most-trusted-man-to-replace-mubarak&catid=38:analysis-and-opinion-&Itemid=72

Egypt unrest puts Mideast peace efforts on hold

Play Video Mideast Video:Palestinians consider election call Reuters

By JOSEF FEDERMAN, Associated Press Josef Federman, Associated Press – 1 hr 6 mins ago

JERUSALEM – Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak's downfall appears to have nudged Israel and the Palestinians toward some common ground: Neither side seems to think now is the time for brave moves toward peace.

For Israel, Mubarak's departure has left behind an all-consuming worry that the influence of Islamic extremists will grow, and the two countries' historic 1979 peace treaty could be in jeopardy. For the Western-backed Palestinian leadership, the fall of Egypt's strongman deprives them of a key mediator with the Israelis and — just as crucially — with their Palestinian rivals in the militant Islamic Hamas movement.

Both sides are now waiting to see what kind of Egyptian government emerges in Mubarak's wake. It's one more distraction preventing Israelis and Palestinians from reviving a U.S.-backed peace push that ground to halt only weeks after it started last year.

The Palestinians were already reeling from last month's leaks to Al-Jazeera TV disclosing that they had offered deep concessions to Israel in past peace talks. The revelations triggered public outrage. Hoping to diffuse the anger on the street, the Palestinians are now focused on moving ahead with long-delayed elections.

One Palestinian official said that with both sides preoccupied and disillusioned it was once again up to America to push for peace.

"When it comes to the Palestinian people, this is a test for the Americans," said Hanan Ashrawi, a member of the top Palestinian decision-making body, the Palestine Liberation Organization's executive committee. "They must understand it's a critical issue."

She said that just as President Barack Obama ultimately sided with the Egyptian protesters who brought down Mubarak, he should change what is viewed by the Palestinians as an unfair pro-Israel bias.

Obama made Mideast peace a top priority upon taking office two years ago, believing that resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict would remove a major source of tension in the region. He personally presided over the relaunch of peace talks at the White House last September, pledging to forge an agreement within one year.

The talks broke down just three weeks later with the expiration of an Israeli slowdown on settlement construction, and Obama's September target for an agreement has since appeared increasingly unrealistic. The Palestinians say there can be no good-faith negotiations if Israel continues to build settlements on the occupied lands they claim for a future independent state.

Palestinian officials claim that even with the Middle East in turmoil, Israeli settlement construction remains the top obstacle to peace.

"Any negotiations with Israel now, while the settlement-building continues, will be a political delusion," said Yasser Abed Rabbo, a top aide to Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas.

But the U.S.'s inability to coax Israel into a settlement freeze is just one of the issues dogging peace efforts.

The Palestinians are still recovering from last month's leak of dozens of sensitive negotiating documents to the Al-Jazeera satellite channel, and the Egyptian unrest continues to ripple throughout the region.

The Al-Jazeera documents, which showed that Abbas and other top officials were amenable to key concessions to Israel during failed peace talks in 2008, deeply embarrassed the Palestinian leader and over the weekend compelled his chief negotiator, Saeb Erekat, to resign.

Analysts say Abbas, seen as weak by the Palestinian public, would have a hard time presenting the resumption of negotiations to his people in the current environment.

On Saturday, pushed by both the Al-Jazeera leaks and the events in Egypt, Abbas' government said it would hold long overdue general elections by September.

Abbas has repeatedly delayed elections, both due to fears that his Fatah Party would lose, and because of the geographical split in Palestinian society.

Abbas governs from the West Bank while the rival Hamas militant group rules the Gaza Strip, having taken it over by force in 2007. The Palestinians hope to turn both territories — located on opposite sides of Israel — into a state. Elections could conceivably provide a way for the rivals to reconcile, though Hamas has said it will boycott the vote.

In the absence of peace talks, Abed Rabbo said the Palestinians would spend the coming months preparing for the elections, pursuing reconciliation and trying to rally international support for Palestinian independence at the United Nations. They have set September as an informal target date for declaring statehood, with or without a peace deal.

For Israel, the reluctance to resume talks is far more straightforward.

Mubarak's downfall has robbed Israel of a key ally and raised concerns that the radical Muslim Brotherhood could play a role in a future Egyptian government. The Egyptian army's pledge on Saturday to preserve a bedrock peace treaty with Israel helped ease fears, but jitters remain.

At a time of such great uncertainty, Israeli officials are highly reluctant to turn over full control of territory on their doorstep to Abbas, a man they view as well-intentioned but weak.

Just as Abbas' forces lost control of Gaza to Hamas, they fear the same thing could happen in the West Bank — a scenario that would put a hostile group just a few miles from the country's largest cities.

"In our pursuit of peace, we have to ensure that there are rock-solid security arrangements, both to protect the peace ... but also to reflect the fact that reality can change tomorrow," Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu declared in a speech last week.

Some, however, took the view that in the long run, the changes under way in the region could boost prospects for peace.

"The good thing could be that we see more democratic regimes here, and a democratic regime is more stable and more likely perhaps to conclude peace agreements," said Eytan Gilboa, an analyst at Bar-Ilan University near Tel Aviv.

___

Mohammed Daraghmeh in Ramallah, West Bank, and Aron Heller in Jerusalem contributed to this report.

http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20110213/ap_on_re_mi_ea/ml_israel_palestinians_peace_later

Why the Palestinian Authority Is Worried About Egypt

By KARL VICK / RAMALLAH Karl Vick / Ramallah – Sat Feb 5, 2:00 am ET

On the Israeli-occupied West Bank, the Palestinian Authority headed by Mahmoud Abbas may not qualify as a sovereign government. But it is moderate, U.S.-backed, and behaving of late like one of the region's brittle and freshly vulnerable autocratic regimes.

Three times in the last two weeks, PA security forces have dispersed young Palestinians gathering to demonstrate solidarity with the crowds in Cairo and Tunis. The last crackdown came Wednesday night, when a small group organized through Facebook assembled near the lion sculptures of Ramallah's central square, only to be shoved back by police batons. The next day a police spokesman warned that "unlicensed gatherings" could bring chaos. (See how democracy can work in the Middle East.)

"The Palestinian leadership is very nervous and is worried about what will happen to them if the Palestinian people decide they are sick and tired of the situation," says Rana, 28, who was among the many residents not at the demonstration but troubled by the authorities' reaction to it.

Like their fellow Arabs, Palestinians are transfixed by television coverage of events in Egypt, looking up from the screen at regular intervals to assess parallels with the situation around them. What many see on the West Bank is a government that grew out of a popular liberation movement and has settled into a political hierarchy notorious for corruption and, lately, quashing dissent. "When the Palestinian National Authority was established we thought that it will be different than the Arab States which are ruled by dictators," says Najwa, 24, of Birzeit. "The PNA is no different, and I hope things will change here like in Tunisia, hopefully Egypt, Yemen and Jordan." She adds, "I hope we free ourselves as well as our land." (See TIME's exclusive photos of the turmoil in Egypt.)

In some ways, the West Bank looks ripe for its own people's revolution. Palestinians are frequently called the best educated Arab population in the world, especially if that assessment includes the Diaspora living in Europe and elsewhere. And the ruling Fatah party is best known for patronage. ts security apparatus intimidates civil society as well as local operatives of Hamas, the militant Islamist group that pushed Fatah out of the Gaza Strip (Hamas allowed a demonstration against Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak on Friday, after quashing a gathering a few days earlier).

Nor does it help that Egypt erupted just after the satellite news channel al-Jazeera published confidential papers of Palestinian peace negotiators. The exposÉ, clearly calculated to embarrass Abbas, succeeded on that score.

But much else argues against rebellion. With no other political alternative yet organized, a flattened Fatah might be quickly replaced by Hamas, which has many loyalists here. What's more the West Bank is currently enjoying its first taste of real governance, as technocrat prime minister Salam Fayyad beavers away at building the institutions - cabinet departments, schools, water works - that he calls the foundations for statehood.

Finally, there's the small matter of the occupation. Israeli troops have controlled the West Bank since 1967, when an Arab effort to eject the Jewish state ended up with the loss of even more Arab territory, and opened the way to some 400,000 Jewish settlers on what the world at large recognizes as Palestinian land. (See photos of the West Bank, an economy without a nation.)

"A wave of demonstrations is not going to take place here because of the complexity of the situation," says Said Zeedani, a senior official at al-Quds University, near Jerusalem. "But I think the Palestinian Authority, due to the events in Tunisia and Egypt and their likely extension, is going to be negatively affected, in terms of being to some extent discredited because of its alliance with the Israeli regime, and because it belongs to the same camp as these so-called 'moderate regimes.'''

To wit: Shawan Jabarin, general director of the Ramallah human rights organization al-Haq, was both appalled and amused that the most established West Bank news outlets, which is to say those closest to the PA, tried for a time to ignore the revolution in Egypt. A splendid example of the obeisance characteristic of the Old Middle East. "The first four-five days, nothing," says Jabarin, who calculates the authorities were trying to buy time, wary of repeating Yassir Arafat's hasty mistake of the First Gulf War. In 1990, after Saddam Hussein's Iraq invaded Kuwait, the Palestine Liberation Organization chairman quickly sided with the aggressor - and ended up all but alone in the Arab world. Thousands of Palestinian guest workers were ejected from Gulf States who allied with Washington against Iraq. "The Palestinian authorities are just now analyzing what's going on in Egypt and Tunisia and how they can mitigate the situation here," Jabarin says.

One response came midweek: The PA announced that municipal elections, cancelled last summer, would go forward in July. A year late, but a gesture - not unlike concessions to democracy being made under pressure the same week by the rulers of Egypt, Jordan and Yemen. "Autocratic, unelected regimes tend to identify with one another, it seems," the Maan News Agency quoted activist Omar Bargouthi as saying after the pro-Tunisia demonstration was broken up. "The glaring difference here, in the occupied Palestinian territory, is that the PA is trying to 'rule' by decree while we are still under foreign occupation."

With reporting from Rami Nazzal/Ramallah

See TIME's special report "The Middle East in Revolt."

See TIME's Top 10 Everything of 2010.

View this article on Time.com

http://news.yahoo.com/s/time/20110205/wl_time/08599204650800

Penduduk Gaza harapkan perubahan di Mesir

GAZA: Penduduk di wilayah Palestin ini percaya sebarang perubahan kerajaan di Mesir akan membawa perkembangan positif kepada nasib mereka.

Penduduk wilayah yang dikuasai oleh kumpulan Hamas itu sudah sekian lama menderita akibat sekatan yang dikenakan kerajaan Presiden Mubarak terhadap wilayah itu.

“Setiap penduduk Gaza menanti perubahan di Mesir kerana negara itu umpama peparu yang menjadi saluran udara kami.

“Apa juga perubahan yang berlaku di Mesir akan dapat dilihat di Gaza,” kata seorang pegawai Hamas yang enggan namanya disiarkan. Di kem pelarian Bureij, Khaled Nasser, 29 begitu optimis.

“Kaum wanita dulu pernah berkata, jika anda melihat langit mendung di Mesir, hujan dijangka turun di Gaza. “Berita baik kini semakin hampir,” kata seorang pemandu teksi sambil bersandar pada teksinya untuk mendengar berita mengenai perkembangan di Mesir menerusi radio. Mesir dan Israel menguatkuasakan kepungan terhadap Gaza selepas Hamas menguasai wilayah berkenaan pada 2007, menyebabkan 1.5 juta penduduknya hidup tersepit. - AFP

http://www.hmetro.com.my/myMetro/articles/PendudukGazaharapkanperubahandiMesir/Article/index_html

Minda: 10 penipuan tentang Israel

2010/06/29

WARTAWAN Belgium, Michel Collon, menggunakan bukunya, ‘Israel, let’s talk about it’ (Israel, mari kita berbicara mengenainya) untuk mendedahkan bagaimana laporan media Eropah melakukan penipuan berdekad-dekad dalam usaha mereka menyokong kewujudan negara haram Israel.

Dalam buku itu, Collon menyenaraikan 10 penipuan besar disebarkan media Barat bagi menjustifikasi penubuhan negara Israel serta menghalalkan tindakan negara Zionis itu.

Penipuan itu adalah: 1. Penubuhan Israel adalah sebagai reaksi terhadap pembunuhan beramai-ramai bangsa Yahudi ketika Perang Dunia Kedua.

Hakikatnya, kata Collon, projek mewujudkan Israel itu diluluskan Kongres Zionis Pertama di Basel, Switzerland, pada 1897.

Dalam persidangan itu, pemimpin Zionis memutuskan untuk menakluk Palestin bagi menyediakan ruang untuk mereka membangunkan Israel.

Untuk makluman, Perang Dunia Kedua berlaku di antara 1939 hingga 1945.

2. Untuk menghalalkan penghijrahan besar-besaran ke Palestin, Yahudi mendakwa wilayah itu adalah warisan mereka selepas diusir pada tahun 70 Masihi.

Kata Collon, data itu hanyalah rekaan semata-mata.

“Saya bercakap dengan beberapa sejarawan terkenal Israel, termasuk Shlomo Sand, yang percaya peristiwa penghijrahan beberapa abad silam tidak pernah berlaku.

“Penduduk Palestin tidak pernah meninggalkan kawasan mereka pada zaman purba.

“Justeru, kedatangan mereka ke Palestin kononnya untuk menduduki tanah warisan tidak berasas sama sekali,” katanya.

Menurut Collon, Yahudi yang mendesak mahu pulang ke ‘tanah asal’ mereka di Palestin sebenarnya berasal dari Barat, Eropah Timur dan Afrika Utara.

Memetik pendapat Sand, Collon berkata, sebenarnya isu negara Yahudi tidak wujud sama sekali kerana bangsa itu yang berada di pelbagai negara tidak memiliki persamaan sejarah, bahasa atau budaya.

“Satu-satunya persamaan mereka adalah agama, tetapi agama bukan asas membina negara,” katanya.

3. Penipuan ketiga ialah dakwaan kononnya Palestin tidak didiami sesiapa ketika Yahudi mula-mula mendudukinya.

Kata Collon, ada beberapa dokumen dan bukti menunjukkan produk pertanian Palestin dieksport ke luar negara pada abad ke-19.

Katanya, Perancis adalah antara negara yang mendapat manfaat daripada produk pertanian Palestin pada abad itu.

4. Ada pihak mendakwa warga Palestin meninggalkan negara mereka secara sukarela.

“Ini satu lagi penipuan,” kata Collon.

Menurut wartawan itu, memang ramai pihak percaya kepada dakwaan palsu berkenaan.

Malah, katanya, pada peringkat awal dia sendiri yakin terhadap tuduhan itu, sehinggalah dia bertemu sejarawan Israel, seperti Benny Morris dan Ilan Pappe.

“Kata Morris dan Pappe, warga Palestin dihalau dan dilarang kembali melalui kekerasan dan keganasan,” katanya.

5. Israel didakwa satu-satunya negara demokrasi di Timur Tengah dan wajib dipertahankan.

Kata Collon, Israel sebenarnya bukan saja negara melanggar undang-undang, malah satu-satunya negara yang tidak dibatasi mana-mana peraturan bagi menjelaskan sempadannya.

“Semua negara di dunia ini memiliki perlembagaan yang menyatakan had batasan masing-masing tetapi tidak bagi Israel.

“Negara itu wujud hasil projek perluasan wilayah yang tidak mengenal batasan dan undang-undangnya amat rasis,” katanya.

Melalui peraturan diguna pakai Israel, kata Collon, negara itu khusus untuk Yahudi dan individu bukan daripada bangsa itu dilihat sebagai ‘bukan manusia’.

“Ia amat bercanggah daripada demokrasi,” katanya.

6. AS didakwa cuba melindungi demokrasi di Timur Tengah melalui Israel.

Pada masa sama, kata Collon, semua pihak tahu AS menyalurkan dana ke Israel sehingga RM9.7 bilion setahun.

“Wang itu digunakan untuk menyerang negara jiran Israel,” katanya.

AS, kata Collon, sebenarnya hanya berminat memastikan aliran petroleum di rantau itu tidak terganggu.

7. AS kononnya berusaha mencapai persetujuan di antara Israel dan Palestin.

“Ia bohong sama sekali,” kata Collon.

Bekas Ketua Dasar Kesatuan Eropah (EU), Javier Solana, pernah memberitahu Israel bahawa negara itu adalah anggota ke-21 EU.

Industri senjata Eropah juga bekerjasama dengan Israel dan menyokong mereka secara kewangan.

Bagaimanapun, kata Collon, apabila warga Palestin memilih kerajaan mereka secara demokratik, Eropah enggan mengiktirafnya, malah memberi lampu hijau kepada Israel menyerang Gaza.

8. Menganggap mana-mana pihak yang mempertikaikan sejarah Israel sebagai anti-Semit.

Sebenarnya, kata Collon, hujah itu digunakan bagi menutup mulut pihak yang cuba mendedahkan tembelang Israel.

“Apabila kita mengkritik Israel, ia bukan semangat anti-Semit, tetapi mengecam dasar kerajaan yang tidak mengiktiraf persamaan hak dan taraf di antara Yahudi, Kristian dan Islam.

“Ia juga memusnahkan keamanan di antara pengikut pelbagai agama,” katanya.

9. Media massa mendakwa Palestin punca keganasan.

Sebaliknya, kata Collon, penjajahan Israel itulah keganasan sebenar kerana mereka merampas tanah dan kediaman penduduk yang berhak.

10. Isu sering dibangkitkan kononnya tiada jalan penyelesaian di antara Israel dan Palestin.

Hakikatnya, kata Collon, penyelesaian boleh dicapai.

“Kita cuma perlu memberi tekanan ke atas sekutu Israel di AS dan Eropah serta rantau lain di seluruh dunia,” katanya.

Bagi Collon, tekanan umum terhadap media massa yang enggan melaporkan kebenaran juga boleh menyumbang kepada penyelesaian sebenar di Timur Tengah.

“Menggunakan Internet atau media lain, marilah kita sama-sama melaporkan berita sebenar mengenai Palestin,” katanya. - Agensi

http://www.hmetro.com.my/myMetro/articles/Minda_10penipuantentangIsrael/Article

Hamas-Fatah mula runding hari ini

BANDAR GAZA - Pergerakan Hamas di Gaza dan kumpulan Fatah yang menduduki Tebing Barat mempunyai lebih banyak sebab untuk memulihkan hubungan demi membentuk sebuah negara Palestin berdaulat.

Kedua-dua kumpulan itu memulakan rundingan hari ini selepas beberapa usaha sebelum ini gagal.

Hamas memerlukan Fatah untuk memperoleh pengiktirafan antarabangsa untuk membina semula Gaza yang musnah akibat serangan tentera Israel. - AP

http://www.kosmo.com.my/kosmo/arkib.asp?y=2009&dt=0225&pub=Kosmo&sec=Dunia&pg=du_10.htm

Hamas mahu Obama berlaku adil

JOHN KERRY (tengah) melawat kemusnahan di Jebaliya, Gaza pada Khamis lalu.

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BANDAR GAZA - Seorang pegawai Hamas semalam mendedahkan kandungan sepucuk surat yang ditulis pergerakan itu untuk Presiden Amerika Syarikat (AS), Barack Obama.

Ahmed Yousef berkata, surat itu meminta Obama untuk berlaku adil dalam menangani isu Palestin kerana ramai penduduk percaya bahawa dasar luar AS sentiasa memihak kepada Israel.

Surat berkenan dikirim kepada para pegawai Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu (PBB) yang kemudian menyerahkannya kepada Senator John Kerry ketika melawat Gaza Khamis lalu.

Ketibaan Kerry di Gaza menandakan lawatan tertinggi ahli politik AS sejak Hamas menguasai wilayah itu pada 2007. Kerry bagaimanapun tidak menemui pegawai Hamas.

Obama ketika berucap selepas mengangkat sumpah jawatan presiden pada 20 Januari lalu berkata, beliau mahu berbaik-baik dengan dunia Islam namun ia tidak jelas sama ada dasar AS terhadap Hamas akan berubah.

Kata Ahmed, dia menulis surat itu sebaik mengetahui kehadiran Kerry di Gaza.

"Kami mahu menggunakan peluang itu dan mahu surat itu diserahkan kepada tangan Obama," katanya. - AP

http://www.kosmo.com.my/kosmo/content.asp?y=2009&dt=0222&pub=Kosmo&sec=Dunia&pg=du_01.htm

Misteri bom Israel hilang di Gaza

GAMBAR fail menunjukkan seorang penduduk Palestin berada dekat beberapa bom milik Israel yang tidak meletup di sebuah balai polis di Gaza pada 4 Februari lalu.

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BAITULMAQDIS - Para pegawai Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu (PBB) semalam menyatakan sejumlah bom hidup bersaiz besar yang ditinggalkan oleh tentera Israel ketika serangan di Gaza pada bulan lalu, didapati hilang.

Bom-bom itu tidak meletup dalam serangan Israel selama tiga minggu di Gaza bermula 27 Disember lalu termasuk tiga butir bom seberat 900 kilogram dan lapan butir bom seberat 230 kilogram.

Semua bom itu ditempatkan di sebuah pekarangan pejabat polis di Gaza.

Serangan selama 22 hari yang bermula pada 27 Disember lalu dan berakhir 18 Januari lepas itu meragut 1,300 nyawa penduduk Palestin dan 13 rakyat Israel.

Badan dunia berkata, pihaknya tidak tahu siapa yang menjadi dalang kejadian itu tetapi tidak menuduh anggota-anggota pergerakan Hamas melarikan bom tersebut.

"Kami cemas menunggu bahan letupan itu dipulangkan. Bom-bom itu berbahaya dan perlu dimusnahkan dengan selamat," kata jurucakap PBB, Richard Miron.

Sementara itu, beberapa kawasan di selatan Genting Gaza rosak tetapi tiada kematian dilaporkan akibat serangan udara Israel semalam, kata penduduk Palestin dan pegawai Hamas. - Agensi

http://www.kosmo.com.my/kosmo/content.asp?y=2009&dt=0219&pub=Kosmo&sec=Dunia&pg=du_02.htm